Oyetayo, V. O. and Ogidi, C. O. (2011): Phytochemical screening and antibacterial properties of a wild macrofugus, Coriolopsis polyzona against microbial isolates from wastewater and leftover Foods. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research
Abstract
Objective: The present study is on the assessment of the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial property of Coriolopsis polyzona against bacteria isolated from wastewater and leftover foods collected from restaurants within Akure metropolis, South West, Nigeria. Methods: Bacterial were isolated from waste water and leftover foods using standard microbiological techniques. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemical present in extract was also determined. Antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from Coriolopsis polyzona was tested against the bacterial isolates using agar well diffusion method. Results: Quanlitative phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of saponin, tannin and cardiac glycosides in both methanol (ME) and acetone (AE) extracts of Coriolopsis polyzona. The study also shows that the methanolic (ME) and acetone (AE) extracts obtained from Coriolopsis polyzona, a wild macrofungus, possess inhibitory potential against bacteria associated with wastewater and leftover foods. The diameter of inhibition zone obtained for ME ranged between 2.3 to 6.00mm while AE had a more pronounced diameter of inhibition of 4.00 to 9.6mm. Purified extracts from ME and AE had better antimicrobial effect with zones of inhibition that ranged between 6.00 to 15.30mm for AE and 5.30 to 8.00mm for ME. Partially purified fraction of AE has comparative antibacterial property with the two reference antibiotics; perfloxacin (7.00 to 20.30mm) and amoxycillin (5.00 to 26.3mm) used as positive control. Conclusion: The results from this study indicate that bioactive compounds with antibacterial property can be sourced from this underutilized macrofungus present in the wild.